What is kidney failure?

4 May 2021

It is a progressive condition that occurs when the kidneys stop filtering blood waste, causing the accumulation of harmful substances and elements to the body that generate an imbalance in blood chemistry. It is important to detect kidney failure early, because if treatment is not received, the disease progresses to the point of being life threatening, requiring a kidney transplant.

Signs and symptoms Kidney failure

In its initial stages, kidney failure does not usually show symptoms, but as it worsens, the most common are the following:

Chest pain or tightness.
Tiredness and weakness.
Nausea and vomiting.
Lack of appetite.
Cramps.
Temporary cardiac arrhythmia.
Disorientation.
Respiratory problems.
Change of urinary habits: lack or excess of urine.
Fluid retention that causes swelling of the lower limbs.

Potential risks:

Elevated blood pressure.
Diabetes.
Peripheral arterial disease and heart failure.
Kidney or liver ailments.
Extended stay in intensive care.
Recurring urinary problems.

Diagnosis and treatment Kidney failure

Once your medical history has been analyzed, your doctor will request blood and urine tests to measure kidney function, as well as imaging studies, such as MRI and computed tomography.

Depending on the progression of the disease and your health conditions, your doctor will determine the treatment to follow, which may include medication, nutritional supplements, and change of diet, among others. In more severe cases in which kidney function is seriously affected, regular dialysis or a kidney transplant will be necessary.

The Transplant Center, with more than ten years of service, has a multidisciplinary care model for different solid organ transplants within a highly professional, safe, and comfortable environment, in strict adherence to the highest standards in safety and patient care.

Organ and tissue transplants constitute the most important therapeutic advance in the last 50 years in the field of health sciences. Achieving this has involved practically every specialty of modern medicine.

Related centers and departments Kidney failure

Fuentes:

kidneyfund.org
kidney.org
mayoclinic.org
medlineplus.gov
nephocare.es
medigraphic.com
Varona VM, Figueredo OLE, Carrazana VT, et al. Comportamiento de la Insuficiencia Renal en el Consultorio Médico de Familia #27. Policlínico ‘René Vallejo Ortiz’. Bayamo. Abril – julio de 2019. Mul Med. 2020;24(5):982-993.
Jiménez GA, Naranjo HY. Cuidado del paciente con insuficiencia renal crónica. Rev Cuba Enf. 2020;36(1):1-3.
Pérez SIC, Alonso RC, Dalas GM. Sobre el estado de la función tiroidea en la enfermedad renal crónica. RCAN. 2020;30(1):159-173.
Díaz-Rosales JD, Salva CR, Rivera-Córdova AA. Necrosis de ciego como causa de abdomen agudo en una paciente con insuficiencia renal crónica. Cir Gen. 2020;42(3):228-231. doi:10.35366/99965.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the Saludora Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is kidney failure?

Signs and symptoms Kidney failure

Diagnosis and treatment Kidney failure

Related centers and departments Kidney failure

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Kidney failure