What is thrombophlebitis?

4 May 2021

It is an inflammatory condition that causes the formation of a thrombus or blood clot that obstructs certain veins, usually in the lower limbs, due to vein damage, a genetic coagulation disorder, prolonged immobility as a result of hospitalization or a long trip, as well as various injuries.

Like any disease, certain factors can contribute to the onset of thrombophlebitis, such as:

Stroke.
Family history of coagulation disorders or a tendency to develop clots.
Cancer.
Recent pregnancy or childbirth.
Previous episodes of thrombophlebitis.
Smoking.
Prolonged inactivity due to long trips or hospitalization.
Birth control pills or hormone replacement therapies.
Varicose veins.
Overweight or obesity.
Being an older adult.
Having a catheter or pacemaker.

There are two types of thrombophlebitis:

Superficial: when the damaged vein is close to the surface of the skin.
Deep vein: when it is inside a muscle.

Signs and symptoms Thrombophlebitis

The characteristic symptoms consist of:

Superficial thrombosis:

Heat, tenderness, and pain in the affected area.
Redness and swelling.

Deep vein thrombosis:

Pain.
Inflammation.

If you have these symptoms and a family history of thrombophlebitis, you must see your doctor so that they can assess you and establish the necessary preventive measures to avoid complications. <}97{>> In the case of superficial thrombophlebitis, complications are minimal, but deep vein thrombosis can cause serious situations:

Pulmonary embolism.
Postphlebitic or postthrombotic syndrome that causes permanent and disabling pain and inflammation.

Diagnosis and treatment Thrombophlebitis

Once your doctor analyzes your symptoms and clinical history, they will perform a physical examination to check the affected veins close to the surface of the skin and will request blood tests and an ultrasound to determine the type of thrombosis you suffer from.

The treatment plan will focus on relieving symptoms and preventing possible complications, which may include:

Anticoagulants.
Compression socks.
Elimination of varicose veins through small incisions.
Vena cava filter to prevent thrombi in the legs from being trapped before they reach the lungs.

At the Saludora Medical Center Internal Medicine Department we offer health care services with the highest quality and safety, from prevention, diagnosis, timely treatment, and monitoring of infectious, respiratory, endocrinological, dermatological, rheumatic, nephrological, gastrointestinal, and hematological pathologies, of chronic-degenerative diseases and acute conditions, through a comprehensive and multidisciplinary model.

Related centers and departments Thrombophlebitis

Cancer Center
Internal medicine
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

trombo.info
patologiavascular.com
medlineplus.gov
mayoclinic.org
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
Del Sol PM, Suárez GK, Nápoles VA, et al. Protocolo del síndrome de inmovilización en el paciente geriátrico hospitalizado. Rev Cub de Med Fis y Rehab. 2019;11(3):1-11.
Hernández CCM, Pérez NV, Guerrero AO, et al. Tromboflebitis superficial de la vena toracoepigástrica: enfermedad de Mondor. Dermatología Cosmética, Médica y Quirúrgica. 2018;16(2):157-160.
Brenes AM. Tromboflebitis superficial. Revista Médica Sinergia. 2019;4(03):50-57.
Uribe GG, Sigler ML, Gutiérrez CAR, et al. Tromboflebitis toracoabdominal. Enfermedad de Mondor. Rev Mex Angiol. 2012;40(2):57-60.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the Saludora Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is thrombophlebitis?

Signs and symptoms Thrombophlebitis

Diagnosis and treatment Thrombophlebitis

Related centers and departments Thrombophlebitis

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Thrombophlebitis