What is coronary artery disease (cad)?

9 April 2021

It is the consequence of cholesterol accumulated in the coronary arteries that becomes a hard plaque that adheres to them, reducing blood circulation and the amount of oxygen supplied to the heart, which can cause a heart attack.

Signs and symptoms Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Some people have no symptoms and others have mild or severe chest pain, depending on the progress of the disease. However, the most frequent are:

Weakness and fatigue.
Difficulty breathing.
Pain in the arms, shoulders, jaw, neck, or back.
Heaviness, tightness, or sore chest.

Risks:

You should consider these risk factors together with your Saludora doctor in order to prevent this disease and have a healthier heart.

High LDL cholesterol, high triglyceride levels, and low HDL cholesterol.
Diabetes.
Diet rich in saturated fats.
Hypertension.
Obesity.
Family history.
Sedentary lifestyle.
Smoking.

Prevention:

If you adopt healthy habits, it is possible to prevent this disease.

Take care of your pressure and your cholesterol level.
Keep a healthy diet, avoiding sugars, sodium, and fats.
Exercise daily.
Watch your body weight.
Avoid smoking, drinking alcohol, and coffee.
Reduce stress.

Diagnosis and treatment Coronary artery disease (CAD)

The most common diagnostic studies are electrocardiogram, stress test, and contrast techniques to monitor heart functions.

Treatment options

To set your personalized treatment, your Saludora doctor will consider factors such as age, general condition, and severity of the condition. In many cases it is possible to control it with drugs that lower cholesterol and blood pressure, but in extreme situations, surgery to unclog the blocked artery is indicated.

At the Cardiovascular Center we offer you a wide range of prevention, diagnosis, timely treatment, and follow-up services to take care of you through a comprehensive and multidisciplinary care model. Come to us, we want to hear your heart.

Related centers and departments Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Cardiovascular Center
High Specialty Surgery Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

sociedad española de cardiología
mayoclinic.org
fundación mexicana del corazón
cun.es
texasheart.org
medigraphic.org
Estévez MR. Ecocardiografía en las complicaciones de la enfermedad grave de la microcirculación coronaria. Rev Cub Med Int Emerg. 2020;19(1):1-4.
Rodríguez BS, Leyva QAY, Aguilar MJM, et al. Valor del índice neutrófilo-linfocitario en la predicción de la severidad de enfermedad arterial coronaria. Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc. 2020;26(1):1-6.
García HRA, Rivero SL, Hernández NM, et al. Severidad de la enfermedad arterial coronaria y variación del segmento ST en la derivación aVR en el síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del ST.. Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc. 2019;25(4):.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the Saludora Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is coronary artery disease (cad)?

Signs and symptoms Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Diagnosis and treatment Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Related centers and departments Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Coronary artery disease (CAD)