What is fractures?

4 May 2021

It refers to the partial or total breakage of a bone due to an accident, fall, sports injury, loss of bone mass, and osteoporosis. According to the magnitude of the damage, fractures are classified as follows:

Simple: break in a section.
Complete: break into two sections.
Greenstick: break that is divided into two parts.
Comminuted: bone splinters occur or there is multiple break.
Exposed: bone fragments break the skin and come out.
Not exposed: when the fragments remain inside the skin.

Signs and symptoms Fractures

Severe pain and swelling
Deformation.
Numbness and tingling
Fever.
Bruising and bleeding.
Limited or partial movement.

The accident that causes the fracture not only damages the bone mass, but also usually affects muscular, nervous, and vascular tissue, among others, being factors that need to be addressed in addition to the fracture, complicating your treatment and recovery.

Prevention:

Exercising regularly, especially muscle strength exercises.
Take calcium and vitamin D.
Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol.
Stay at your optimal weight.

Diagnosis and treatment Fractures

After a physical examination and analysis of your medical history, the orthopedist will request imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or computed axial tomography to define the type of fracture and the most appropriate treatment. If the fractured bone has been broken into more than two parts, surgery will be required to insert nails, screws, plates, needles, or other devices to reposition and fix the bone. Subsequently, it is necessary to rest as indicated and wait long enough for the bone to heal, which can range from a few weeks to several months, depending on the severity of the case.

At the Orthopedics and Traumatology Center we seek to improve the lives of patients restricted or immobilized by musculoskeletal disorders or injuries. We specialize in the care of the locomotor system by integrating the latest medical, biological, and technological advances, in strict adherence to the highest international standards of patient care.

We put our skills and knowledge at your service to provide you and your loved ones with cutting-edge treatments and highly specialized medical care in the following procedures:

Arthroscopic surgery.
Partial and total joint replacement surgery (prostheses).
Trauma surgery.
Hand surgery.
Foot and ankle surgery.
Spinal surgery.

We treat injuries such as:

Dislocation.
Chronic bone and joint diseases.
Ligaments.
Spinal diseases.
Joint replacements.

Related centers and departments Fractures

High Specialty Surgery Center
Orthopedics And Traumatology Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

mayoclinic.org.
stanfordchildrens.org
medilineplus.gov
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
Alvarez-López A, Fuentes-Véjar R, Soto-Carrasco SR. Fracturas diafisarias del tercio distal de la tibia. AMC. 2020;24(6):910-918.
Truffin RY, Pérez MO, López HAL. Tratamiento de una fractura-luxación del tobillo mediante la fijación externa RALCA. Seguimiento de cinco años. Medisur. 2020;18(6):1225-1232.
Esparza PJA. Fractura de odontoides: tratamiento, pronóstico y morbimortalidad asociada en un Hospital de Alta Concentración. Ortho-tips. 2021;17(1):18-24. doi:10.35366/99163.
Javier-Tejera A, Sori-Peña JA, Culqui-García JP. Solución práctica para la reparación primaria de fractura abierta de falanges distales de la mano. Informe de caso. Mediciego. 2020;26(3):1-9.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the Saludora Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is fractures?

Signs and symptoms Fractures

Diagnosis and treatment Fractures

Related centers and departments Fractures

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Fractures