What is neurofibromatosis?

4 May 2021

It is a condition that produces tumors or neurofibromas in the nervous system tissues, which can affect brain areas, the spinal cord, or the upper and lower layers of the skin, which can cause from cosmetic problems to loss of function or movement of the affected nerve.

Neurofibromatosis is a hereditary pathology transmitted by one of the parents affected with this disease, which is classified into three types:

Type 1: is the most common and occurs during childhood.
Type 2: less common than the previous one, it appears in adulthood.
Schwannomatosis: it is rare and affects people between 20 and 30 years old.

Generally, neurofibromas are benign, but sometimes they can become cancerous, so it is important to diagnose and treat them promptly, preventing possible complications.

Signs and symptoms Neurofibromatosis

They depend on the type of neurofibromatosis suffered:

Type 1:

Nodular lumps.
Deformed bones.
Pain.
Short height.
Beige skin spots.
Optic gliomas (optic nerve tumor).
Dark-colored plexiform neurofibromas that may extend under the skin surface.
Small spots similar to axillary and inguinal freckles.
Bulging in the iris of the eye.
Learning problems (hyperactivity and attention deficit).
Larger head.

Type 2:

Seizures.
Balance difficulties.
Headaches.
Numbness and weakness in arms and legs.
Gradual hearing loss.
Vision problems or cataracts.
Drooping face.
Ringing in the ears.

Schwannomatosis:

Chronic episodes of pain in various body areas that can become disabling.
Weakness and stiffness in the upper and lower limbs.
Decrease in muscle mass.

Potential risks:

They will also depend on the type of neurofibromatosis that is suffered, but the complications that can occur, mainly due to the appearance of tumors that press on the nerves or internal organs, are the following:

Cardiovascular conditions.
Chronic and disabling pain.
Epilepsy and other neurological disorders.
Hearing loss.
Vision loss.
Musculoskeletal problems.
Cancerous tumors

Diagnosis and treatment Neurofibromatosis

Once your doctor analyzes your symptoms and clinical history, they will perform a physical and neurological examination, in addition to requesting blood tests, computed tomography, MRI, vision, hearing, and balance tests, as well as genetic tests to help identify the type of neurofibromatosis you have.

Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms according to each patient’s specific case, so different procedures and therapies can be used, including medications, surgery to remove tumors, stereotactic radiosurgery, cochlear and brain stem auditory implants, as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, among others.

At the Neurological Center, a select group of highly trained and certified doctors in the various neurological specialties are ready to assist you with the quality and warmth that characterizes us.

Specialists Neurofibromatosis

Neurology
Neurosurgery
Spine surgery
Pediatric neurosurgery
Neurophysiology
Neuro-rehabilitation
Neuro-pathology
Interventional neuro-radiology
Neuropsychology
Neuro-oncology
Neuro-otology
Epilepsy
Neuro-ophthalmology
Neuroimaging

Related centers and departments Neurofibromatosis

Neurology Center
High Specialty Surgery Center
Radiology and Molecular Imaging
Clinical Laboratory

Fuentes:

neurofibromatosis.es
fesemi.org
mayocilinic.org
medlineplus.gov
msdmanuals.com
medigraphic.com
Torres RB, Martínez TG, Lantigua CPA, et al. Respuesta inmune humoral y manifestaciones clínicas de desregulación inmune en pacientes pediátricos con Neurofibromatosis Tipo 1. Rev Cub Gen . 2017;11(3):19-24.
Ramos-Espinoza AB, Garza-Tovar TF, Mesa-Garza IG, et al. Neurofibromatosis segmentaria verdadera: presentación de un caso. Dermatología Cosmética, Médica y Quirúrgica. 2021;19(2):153-156.
Marzo RT, Guerrero CL, Lacosta ZJ. Neurofibromatosis tipo I. Presentación de un caso. RIC. 2019;98(3):395-404.
Lammoglia OL, Rodríguez SM, Martínez LE, et al. Neurofibromatosis segmentaria: Reporte de un caso. Dermatología Cosmética, Médica y Quirúrgica. 2019;17(3):196-199.

How can we help you?

The dissemination of the content of this material is for informational purposes only and does not replace, under any circumstance or condition, a consultation with a specialist doctor, for which the Saludora Medical Center is not responsible for the different use that may be given to it. If you require more information related to the subject, we suggest you contact the specialist doctor you trust directly.

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Comparison of COVID-19 vaccines

Pfizer-
BioNTech

Pfizer-BioNTech

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 95% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

No Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 16 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 14 days of having the complete scheme (after the administration of the 2nd dose), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

Moderna

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vaccine type: mRNA
Effectiveness: 94.5% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 28 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

Who should or shouldn’t get the vaccine?
People who should receive the vaccine are those over 18 years old.
People who should not receive the vaccine are those who have a history of anaphylactic shock (severe allergy) or who are allergic to any component of this vaccine.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, fever, nausea, and swollen lymph nodes in the arm in which you received the injection.

Janssen/
Johnson
& Johnson

Janssen/ Johnson & Johnson

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 72.0% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.
85% in the prevention of severe COVID-19.

Does not contain egg, latex, or preservatives./strong>

How many doses are needed?
Only one dose in needed.

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, fever, and nausea.

How long will it take for me to be protected and what does it protect me from?
After 28 days of having the complete scheme (the last dose applied), the protection period is still under study. It protects us from 85% serious COVID-19 or requiring hospitalization.

AstraZeneca
and
Oxford
University

AstraZeneca and Oxford University

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 82% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 56 days apart (or up to 84 days apart, if necessary).

What are the possible side effects of the vaccine?
Pain where the injection was given, fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and fever, which were mild to moderate in intensity and disappeared within 48 hours of vaccination.

Sputnik V

What is its effectiveness and what does it refer to?

Adenovirus vector-based vaccine.
Effectiveness: 92% after the second dose in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19.

How many doses are needed?
Two doses are needed, at least 21 days apart (or up to six weeks apart, if necessary).

What is neurofibromatosis?

Signs and symptoms Neurofibromatosis

Diagnosis and treatment Neurofibromatosis

Specialists Neurofibromatosis

Related centers and departments Neurofibromatosis

Fuentes:

Index

Specialist in Neurofibromatosis